10 Best 44 Magnum Revolvers in 2024, Plus 44 Magnum Revolver Buying Guide

Whether it is for competitive shooting, hunting, casual shooting, or self-defense, there is the best 44 Magnum revolver that can meet the demands of every shooting application. 

In addition, the 44 Magnum revolvers are handgun models that shooters can genuinely rely on, especially with reliability, versatility, and firepower, even at great shooting distances. 

However, before searching in various firearms markets, it is essential to know more about the 44 Magnum revolvers to get accustomed to them and start from learning the brief history of the 44 Magnum. Top of all, we also have our best recommendations here that will help you find your most suitable 44 Magnum revolver. Let’s start. 

Brief History about 44 Magnum

The .44 Magnum, also famously termed as .44 Remington Magnum or 10.9x33mmR, has a rich history and earned a reputation as “the most powerful handgun [cartridge] in the world.” In addition, it was built and designed in 1950. However, it was only commercially constructed five years after it was designed. After that, many shooters discovered its power and reliability. Thus, it consistently remained one of the most widespread and successful commercial large-bore magnum cartridges. 

Moreover, the .44 Magnum cartridge is the aftermath of the tuned handloading of the .44 Special cartridge for years. One of the developers, Elmer Keith, an outdoorsman, and writer in the 20th Century, has encouraged firearm manufacturers Remington and Smith & Wesson to release a commercial version of the .44 Magnum. 

The .44 Magnum has not secured a vital place in law enforcement, but it is one of the most in-demand choices for other applications like self and home defense and hunting. Plus, it maintained an excellent reputation and popularity until today.  

Now that question is what makes .44 Magnum revolvers stand out. Keep on reading to discover more about what makes it a unique choice. 

The Benefits and Downside of Using 44 Magnum

Several reasons convince shooters to own one or more .44 Magnum revolvers. For beginners, they offer effortless operations that they can learn in no time. In addition, they are designed with durability that translates to a long lifespan. More importantly, they are lightweight and portable, making them easy to carry around your belt or carry in a holster. Thus, shooters can conceal it at all times. 

Aside from that, here are the additional advantages that influence shooters to get a .44 Magnum revolver: 

Excellent and reliable firepower. The firepower of .44 Magnum is superior to other options because it excellently provides a hit like a punch that an attacker will feel its impact. In addition, it is highly reliable because it is effective despite the shooting application. If shooters use it for hunting, it will leave the target with less chance of survival. 

Useful for multiple purposes. Undeniably, the .44 Magnum revolvers can offer helpful and fantastic performance from different shooting applications like target shooting. It can be for all-around and versatile use yet, most of the models have specialties. Thus, shooters also need to know the primary purpose of their .44 Magnum revolver to match their needs and preferences. 

Impressive for distances. Most .44 Magnum revolvers have excellent and dependable shooting performance even at longer distances compared to other handgun models. Generally, .44 Magnum revolvers can easily hit with excellent accuracy and precision from 100 to 200 yards out.    

On the contrary, .44 Magnum revolvers do not have perfect designs and features. That’s why it comes with downsides too. Some of that is a slower reloading time, and sometimes, five or six rounds are not enough with the shooting purpose. In addition, some shooters find reloading an extensive process because they need to open the revolver’s cylinder and take out the empty shells before they can insert new live rounds. Therefore, they can struggle if they want to shoot faster. 

Moreover, some .44 Magnum revolvers produce much recoil that causes an unpleasant shooting experience. Plus, the firearm requires a tight gripping so shooters can suffer from heavy recoil. However, all of these downsides are tolerable. Skillful and experienced shooters can always overcome the disadvantages with their guns. Thus, shooters must also improve their skills and style aside from finding the most reliable and best firearms.      

Who should use a 44 Magnum Revolver?

The .44 Magnum can be for every shooter, hunter, and handgun enthusiast that needs its reliability and performance in various shooting applications, such as target practice shooting, hunting, and many more. In addition, the .44 Magnum revolvers are also safe sidearm handguns to carry and for concealment. However, some of the models are not the lightest ones the shooters can own. Therefore, it is essential for every shooter, like you, to determine all the features of the revolver you are eyeing. 

Moreover, there are also some drawbacks in .44 Magnum, and one significant factor is the price. Yet, there are various manufactures. That’s why there are wide price ranges so shooters can always find their best .44 Magnum revolver, according to their preferred price. Best of all, there’s nothing that can stop you from owning one if you find it suitable with your shooting skills and styles, needs, and budget. 

The Best Uses of 44 Magnum Revolvers

Beginning from an excellent history and ergonomics, it is not truly surprising that most of the .44 Magnum revolvers are highly versatile and reliable for various shooting purposes. Here are the most common purposes of them: 

Target Shooting

The best .44 Magnum revolvers can meet the demands in target shooting, be it for casual or competitive applications. In addition, there are specially designed revolvers to provide an outstanding and reliable shooting performance, even if it is for fun and casual shooting or serious and competitive intention. 

More importantly, .44 Magnum revolvers provide extreme power and impressive accuracy, even shooting long-range distances that other handguns can’t achieve. Thus, they are also the best guns for shooters who want to improve their shooting skills.  

Hunting 

Some of the .44 Magnum revolvers are purposely designed for hunting applications. That’s why it is convincing that these handguns are adequate for varmint target and small game hunting. In addition, some .44 Magnum are capable of whitetail deer hunting, yet it depends on the hunters’ ammo used. More importantly, some hunters have already successfully pulled off hunting using these revolvers. However, there’s nothing more that can convince you other than trying it out yourself. 

Self-Defense

The .44 Magnum revolvers are wise weapons for self-defense to shooters who need to be fully prepared against anyone that has danger lurking around them. Additionally, they are trustworthy for any self-defense situation, plus they are constructed with reliable and small, lightweight designs that allow shooters to conceal them. With that, shooters can consistently feel protected with high self-defense since they can portably carry anywhere they go. Thus, they will have the upper hand against anyone who’ll bring danger.     

Buckle up because you’re about to know the list of the best .44 Magnum revolvers, with each, having various shooting purposes. 

10 Best 44 Magnum Revolvers

If you search in the firearms market, you will see an abundant choice .44 Magnum revolver. With the vast choice, you will feel overwhelmed and confused to see the best option for you. Thus, these lists and reviews are made to help shooters like you not make any impulsive decisions. In addition, each is designed and constructed with unique features to cover every shooter’s needs. 

Therefore, here are the best .44 Magnum revolvers that hopefully help you find your best handgun model. Plus, it is helpful to note the features you think are suitable to be your ideal revolver. Let’s start.    

1. Smith & Wesson 329PD .44 Magnum Revolver

The Smith & Wesson 329PD .44 Magnum Revolver is designed with reliable features that offer excellent performance. Hence, it works best for competitive shooters, revolver enthusiasts, and handgun hunters to meet the demands in their shooting purposes.  

Moreover, the revolver is built using a Scandium alloy frame. The material is known to provide reliable strength and durability, plus it is also lightweight. Other than that, the revolver’s cylinder is also made from Titanium Alloy. That’s why it has strong corrosion resistance and increased strength. 

In addition, the Smith & Wesson 329PD comes with a HI-VIZ light-gathering front and an adjustable rear sight. Additionally, the featured sight offers several advantages, such as compensating for the wind effect to alter external ballistics and round velocity. Therefore, the sight allows significant differences in shooting trajectory and impact. 

Aside from that, the gun is constructed with 4.125 inches barrel length and 9.5 inches overall length with 25.2 oz weight. Also, the revolver’s barrel is constructed using stainless steel materials. Thus, it sports a high resistance to corrosion and rust that translates to a longer lifespan. 

Further, the firearm looks impressive with a Matte Black frame finish. On the other hand, it features a double/single action. At the same time, it operates with a six round capacity with a .44 Magnum caliber or .44 S&W Special. 

Overall, the Smith & Wesson 329PD .44 Magnum Revolver is one of the best revolvers choices that offers durability and lightweight. Best of all, it is a superior choice for a small, lightweight, easy-to-carry handgun. 

2. Ruger Super Redhawk Double-Action Revolver

Suppose you are a shooter and handgun enthusiast looking for a splendid revolver that you can carry for long-range target shooting or protection from bear and other possible threats. In that case, the Ruger Super Redhawk Double-Action Revolver is a trustworthy and impressive choice. 

In addition, the .44 Magnum revolver is built to provide an incredible and reliable performance. It is designed as a dependable handgun for shooters who might encounter a life-threatening situation. Aside from that, the Ruger Super Redhawk is also a superior choice for serious big game hunting. 

The revolver is constructed with an extended frame. It gives an additional dependable metal on the barrel mounting areas, top strap, and sidewalls. With that, the handgun can effectively handle the high pressure from the demand in big game loads.    

Moreover, the handgun sports a triple-locking cylinder. It is securely locked into the frame at the bottom, front, and sear. Hence, it will stay securely attached and aligned in position and will not get sloppy over time. The design is also a successful attempt to reduce the heavy recoil or kickback. 

Meanwhile, the extended mainframe highlights reliable scope mounts, which are directly machined into it for a steady mount attachment. Also, the mainframe works as an attachment base for the included Ruger scope rings. It is an essential element for increasing accuracy. At the same time, the ramp front sight gives minimal interference when the shooter draws the handgun from the holster. Best of all, the revolver’s rear sight permits a full adjustment with the windage and elevation that supports an advantage to long-range shooting. 

Aside from that, the Ruger Super Redhawk’s angle of the peg-style grip frame, plus the recoil cushioning Hogue Tamer Monogrip, are highly dependable for absorbing heavy recoil. With that, you can shoot more comfortably and stay the hits on target even at a follow-up shot when firing using a double-action mode.

On the other hand, the revolver utilizes a clean, crisp break in single-action and a smooth double-action trigger pull. Both offer a pleasurable trigger pull operation and also help with accuracy. While the stainless steel construction gives the .44 Magnum revolver an outstanding corrosion resistance with low maintenance in the backcountry, it translates to a long lifespan.  

Further, the Ruger Super Redhawk uses a patented Ruger transfer bar mechanism. The feature contributes an incredible and unparalleled measure of security against accidental discharge. Thus, there is no need to fear accidents highly since even if you accidentally drop the handgun directly on its hammer, it will not fire because it will only fire if you pull the trigger. With that, the revolver is a suitable sidearm to carry that can cause serious damage to any targets, even at a long-range distance.  

3. Taurus Raging Hunter 44 Magnum Revolver

The Taurus Raging Hunter is an all-around 44 Magnum revolver for recreational shooting, home defense, target shooting, and hunting. Additionally, it has a design that easily captures the attention of shooters thanks to its striking Stainless and Blue two-tone finish. Thus, it both has a stunning design and reliable performance.

Aside from that, the handgun features an optic-ready Picatinny rail, and it handles heavier mounts without compromising the performance. At the same time, the angular barrel design seals an excellent deal. 

In addition, the Taurus Raging Hunter’s unique barrel system combines with an inserted steel sleeve in the aluminum housing. With that design, the overall weight is lessened. Hence, making the revolver a suitable sidearm weapon for hunting and other shooting applications. 

Moreover, the handgun utilizes exclusive cushioned insert grips. The features provide maximum comfortability and control with the revolver. Meanwhile, the unique placement of the factory-tuned porting is highly relevant and helpful for aiding in the management of the heavy recoil. 

Besides that, the gas expansion chamber is built for the directionally dispersing of gases. The disbursement operation allows a reduction in the muzzle lift and also delivers a faster target acquisition. On the other hand, the revolver operates using a single or double action with a six-round capacity and .44 Magnum caliber. At the same time, it uses an adjustable rear sight and a fixed front sight that contributes to enhancing the overall shooting performance. 

The Taurus Raging Hunter is built with a striking matte black finish that gives a classic look and appearance. At the same time, it offers a 15.75 inches length and 55 oz. weight. With all the features, the revolver is a worth it and durable handgun for effective and fun short to medium range hunting and other shooting purposes. 

4. Smith & Wesson 629 V-Comp Performance Center

The Smith & Wesson 629 V-Comp Performance Center is specially designed for maximum concealment since it is built to have a smaller yet versatile performance. In addition, while it is not highly suitable for big game hunting, it is reliable for other shooting jobs because it has a fine-tuning that provides dependable precision. 

Since it is one of the .44 Magnum models of Performance Center, it also features superior old-world craftsmanship that naturally complements modern technology. Moreover, the Model 629 is built with a 4 inches barrel length using stainless steel construction. The stainless steel material is known for providing extreme durability and additional strength. That’s why it lasts longer and does not easily dent and scratch over time. 

One downside that the handgun has is it comes with a grip that has a less solid hold. That’s why it can become slippy, plus rapid shooting produces recoil. On the other hand, it shoots with a .44 Magnum caliber and six-round capacity. So, it hits a target with a throw punch maximum feeling.

Additionally, the Smith & Wesson 629 is one of the best revolvers that is effortless to carry and conceal, other than it is designed with accuracy and power. Besides that, it also has a chrome hammer that offers a dependable operation for striking the percussion cap, separating the firing pin, and igniting the propellant to fire the projectile successfully. 

At the same time, the revolver also features a chrome trigger with a trigger stop that enhances safety and performance. Both the hammer and the trigger provide the most dependable corrosion resistance and durability since both parts are designed with a chrome finish that offers easy maintenance and improves the overall operation.  

Lastly, the revolver utilizes a removable barrel compensator that primarily aims to lessen the felt recoil and muzzle to permit faster and more comfortable follow-up shots. Thus, the Smith & Wesson 629 works best for shooters who want a smaller, highly concealed .44 Magnum revolver with reliable accuracy and performance.     

5. Colt MFG Anaconda

The Colt MFG Anaconda is built with a re-designed to take advantage of the oversized Python action. In addition, the revolver is constructed with a solidly durable stainless steel frame that offers extreme strength and durability that withstands any dents and scratches. Thus, it features a long-lasting lifespan. 

Moreover, the handgun utilizes a reliable Linear Leaf Spring Action. It allows an ideal non-stacking, smooth and crisp trigger pull that enhances the shooting experience. Aside from that, the .44 Magnum revolver also features a Hogue grip for better recoil absorption and management. Lessening the recoil also decreases the shooter’s fatigue from shooting. 

Besides that, the Colt MFG Anaconda comes with adjustable, interchangeable sights that manage and line up the muzzle with the shooter’s eyes to hit more targets accurately. Thus, it makes the revolver attain a comfortable and impressive shooting performance, even in a shooting range or in the woods.     

On the other hand, it utilizes a recessed target crown. It has a significant impact on accuracy and also provides ideal protection. Meanwhile, the handgun’s frame is drilled and tapped for aftermarket optics attachment. Overall, the Colt MFG Anaconda won over the battle of joining the best .44 Magnum revolvers list and being an unstoppable shooter’s lightweight sidearm to carry and conceal.    

6. Taurus Raging Bull 444 Multi Large .44 Magnum Revolver

If you want to find a revolver that can be your favorite, the Taurus Raging Bull 444 Multi Large .44 Magnum Revolver is incredible to try because it has already gained an excellent reputation. That’s why it is included in the list of America’s most favorite hunting handguns. Aside from that, it is also ideal for target shooting, recreational shooting, and home defense. 

Moreover, the revolver is designed for tough and rugged use. Hence, it means that it can last for a long time, a lifetime perhaps? However, it still depends on how you will care and use it. On the other hand, the handgun features a large frame with an anodized matte black finish. Hence, the frame offers superior durability and abrasion resistance thanks to its finish material. Thus, it does not peel and flake quickly. 

In addition, it utilizes a titanium cylinder in a matte stainless finish. The titanium material provides impressive strength and offers a high corrosion resistance, while the stainless finish gives superior durability against corrosive shooting environments. 

Meanwhile, the adjustable rear sight and optic front sights can help shooters, like you, to see your targets, especially at a long-range shooting where speed is crucial. Plus, it also promotes accuracy enhancement. Besides that, the black rubber cushion grips are vital in decreasing the recoil felt every firing. 

Aside from that, the Taurus Raging Bull 444 shoots with a six-round capacity and a transfer bar safety. In any shooting purpose, accuracy and comfortability are ideal advantages. So, the crisp trigger break makes the revolver stand out more because it offers a smooth trigger pull that improves the accuracy and overall performance.   

7. Magnum Research BFR 44 Magnum Revolver

The Magnum Research BFR 44 Magnum Revolver is specially designed with excellent and impressive features that make it recognized as one of the finest revolvers in the firearms market today. 

In addition, the revolver is constructed with a precision grade stainless barrel that provides a superior unmatched accuracy even with the jacketed or lead bullets. Aside from that, it operates with a single action. Hence, it offers a smooth and light trigger pull that enables more accuracy when shooting. 

Moreover, it also comes with a black rubber grip that highly reduces recoil to lessen the built-up fatigue of shooters when firing. Meanwhile, the revolver’s frame is made from stainless steel. It is a material that provides high durability against dents and scratches. Also, the frame utilizes a brushed stainless steel finish. 

At the same time, the stress-relieving barrel is also made from stainless steel. Hence, it has a similar strength with the frame against harmful shooting elements. Plus, it is also designed with a brushed stainless steel finish for durability. On the other hand, the Magnum Research BFR 44 works with a five-round capacity and a .44 Magnum caliber. 

Besides that, the revolver features a light weight of 4.86 lb, an overall length of 11 1/4 inches. Plus, an overall height of 6 inches. With all of that, it is an ideal portable sidearm weapon for superior concealment. At the same time, the adjustable rear sights and factory black fixed front sights are dependable for increasing the shooting accuracy by helping shooters see the target clearer despite a long-range distance. 

Furthermore, the gun’s hammer and transfer bar safety secure a successful and safe firing with outstanding accuracy. Plus, the black rubber grip guarantees a reduced recoil felt or uncomfortable kickback.     

Overall, the Magnum Research BFR 44 Magnum Revolver is a cool-looking gun and one of the best choices for shooters who want a lightweight and portable yet reliable gun with unmatched accuracy that will undoubtedly take shooting performance to the next level.     

8. Taylors & Company 1847 Walker 44 Magnum Revolver

The Taylors & Company 1847 Walker 44 Magnum Revolver is constructed with a 9 inches round blue finish barrel, and it sports less than 5 pounds of weight. That’s why it provides a significant difference in a battle. Also, it can be a suitable weapon for law enforcement officers on the frontier and tough soldiers. 

Moreover, the handgun features a case hardened forged frame. The construction of the frame allowed it to obtain reliable durability and enhanced wear and corrosion resistance that translates to an increased lifetime. But the primary drawback of the design is it can be challenging to control easily. 

Aside from that, the revolver also comes with a brass trigger guard. The material is essential for trigger protection against anything that touches it when it is not supposed. Hence, the feature highly prevents any possible negligent discharge. Also, since the trigger guard sports a brass material, it obtains superior durability against rust and corrosion. Thus, the high strength and durability translate to a long-lasting lifespan. 

Meanwhile, the spring retained loading lever provides a dependable and efficient loading operation. Additionally, the blade front sight is responsible for excellent assistance to shooters whenever they are aiming the gun, and it also helps to improve accuracy in shooting. 

Besides that, the Taylors & Company 1847 Walker utilizes a walnut grip type that supports the shooter to handle the gun recoil. Also, the grip material promotes long-term durability against changing weather shooting conditions. At the same time, the revolver’s stock is also constructed with a similar material to grip. Hence, it also obtains outstanding durability. 

On the other hand, the backstrap allows a change of the circumference of the grip. With that, it will have a better and suitable fit with the shooter’s hand size. Best of all, the revolver is designed to provide deadly and powerful hits to the target. Thus, they will have a lesser chance of survival.

9. Taurus 44 Tracker

If you want a budget-friendly and lightweight .44 Magnum revolver that is highly capable of handling and performing for any shooting needs, the Taurus 44 Tracker is precisely the revolver that you are looking for. 

In addition, the handgun operates with a five-shot round capacity and a double-action that provides a more uniform and consistent same weight and pull with every shot. With that incredible feature, the shooters can be quickly more comfortable with the trigger since it consistently behaves every shot. 

Meanwhile, the revolver allows a highly reduced recoil thanks to its exclusive ergonomic grip and a ported barrel. Hence, it contributes to decreasing fatigue build-up for shooters whenever they shoot. On the other hand, the standard Taurus Security System guarantees no accidental discharge. Thus, shooters can ensure that this revolver will not function against them. 

Aside from that, the gun features a four inches barrel length with a 2.2 lbs. weight. Additionally, it works with black rubber grips that also handle the recoil. At the same time, the fixed front sight and the adjustable rear sight are essential in supporting to aim and hit more targets successfully. 

Best of all, the Taurus 44 Tracker is constructed with stainless steel materials that provide extreme durability with extra strength that is essential for a long-lasting lifespan and resistance from dents and scratches.

10. Smith & Wesson Performance Center Model 629 .44 Magnum Hunter Revolver

Suppose you are among the shooters who need a revolver for state compliance, hunting, or enthusiast shooting purposes. Then, the Smith & Wesson Performance Center Model 629 .44 Magnum Hunter Revolver is an incredible choice. In addition, it is purposely designed to meet the demands of various shooting applications. 

Moreover, the handgun is constructed from excellent hand-cutting and fitting to fantastic fine-tuning that provides exceptional precision, making the Model 629 one of the top, dependable performers. At the same time, it sports blended old-world craftsmanship and modern technology designs. 

Also, the revolver is made from all stainless steel materials, including its frame and barrel. Hence, shooters can expect extreme durability, strength, and incredible resistance against dents and scratches from shooting. Therefore, it provides a longer-lasting lifetime. Aside from that, the two-tone finish adds to make the revolver stand out more against other models. 

On the other hand, the barrel comes with an integral Picatinny rail that provides dependable and secure mounting slots for more heavy-duty optics without compromising the shooting performance. Also, the barrel features a dovetailed front sight for reliable assistance when aiming the targets to allow shooters to make excellent and successful hits. Meanwhile, the custom muzzle brake and synthetic grip highly decrease the recoil felt or the gun’s kickback.

In addition, the Model 629 .44 Magnum Hunter Revolver’s significant advantage is its Red/Green dot optical sight that incredibly supports the user to have an ultimate performance when hunting. At the same time, it also utilizes a red ramp front sight and an adjustable rear sight that allows more efficient aiming for more successful shooting results. 

Besides that, the revolver sports a lightweight of 59.4 oz with 14 inches overall length, making it an impressive compact gun. Plus, it operates with single/double action and works with .44 Magnum/44 S&W Special and a six-round capacity.     

Overall, the Performance Center Model 629 .44 Magnum Hunter Revolver is an exceptional gun that undoubtedly performs according to its shooting applications intended. Thus, shooters won’t regret trying it. 

Best 44 Magnum Revolver Buying Guide

Although you can find the top recommendations for the best .44 Magnum revolvers here, it is still vital to have a buying guide that will help you narrow down your choice until you find the best one. First, you need always remember your intended purpose why you look for the best .44 Magnum revolver. 

Also, it is beneficial to take into account some crucial factors, such as drawbacks, capabilities, and advantages, that you all need to know because they are significant considerations to fit and adapt your choice with your skills. 

Moreover, practice is significant and needed with .44 Magnum revolvers because they tend to produce higher recoil that causes fatigue and discomfort while shooting. That’s why it is necessary to frequently practice with them to be fully accustomed to their performance quickly. So, if you don’t intend to have regular practice with it, then the .44 Magnum revolver is not the best handgun choice for you. 

Additionally, the excellent firepower that the .44 Magnum revolvers might add to the recoil and becomes an extreme disadvantage for less experienced shooters. Thus, if you really want to own one of these revolvers, you need to ensure a regular trip to the shooting range to do consistent shooting practice. Best of all, .44 Magnum revolvers are incredibly manageable, so beginners can quickly get accustomed to them with regular practice. 

Overall, each shooter’s top priorities in buying their best .44 Magnum revolver includes their needs, preferences, shooting skills to connect with their intended purpose. Plus, if they have a specific price range budget in mind, they still have to choose the best with reliable quality and performance to outweigh the price.

Final Thoughts

Indeed, several factors make the .44 Magnum revolvers stand out despite the abundant choice in the firearms market today. Since there are overwhelming options, it is undoubtedly a struggle to choose when aiming for the best. However, the greatest and best .44 Magnum revolvers do not break a bank. The best choices are offered with an outstanding balance of reliable and excellent features at a reasonable and ideal price. 

In addition, there are abundant choices for the best 44 Magnum revolvers. With that, there’s nothing for you to do other than evaluate the features and materials and determine if your options suitably match your needs, shooting skills, preferences, and budget. Hopefully, you can choose from the ten best Magnum revolvers here because they all have features that provide outstanding and unbeatable reliability performance and also give excellent firepower. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Listed below are the relevant frequently asked questions that can guide you to understand better how .44 magnum revolvers work so that you can adapt your skills with them effectively. Therefore, if you need to know any supplementary information about this type of revolver, you can find helpful answers here: